The DHCP server allocates an IP address based on a preconfigured mapping to each client's MAC address when they are connected to the network. This is not the same thing as a static IP address, as static IP addresses are assigned manually and have to be provisioned carefully so that each device has its own address with no overlap.
If your client is configured for WINS and your WINS database becomes corrupt at any time, a simple “ipconfig /release”, “ipconfig /renew” from an MS-DOS prompt will force the client to re-register with the primary WINS server.